Estimation and Comparison of Welding Cost of MIG & MAG Process on Mild Steel

In the present work welding cost estimation was done. Welding cost estimation was done for MIG & MAG and the cost difference has been investigated by calculating for both the cases (MIG & MAG) for welding the piece of MILD STEEL (contains carbon 0.15 to 0.3 %, silicon 0.2 to 0.5 %, manganese, sulfur and phosphorous as impurities). The calculation was done by Parameter method and cost difference found was approximately Rs. 20 calculated for the mild steel pieces (150*15*80) mm having butt welding with the V-groove (45 Degree). By market survey, it was observed that in a small scale industry total length welded per day is approximately 100 meter. If MAG is used instead of MIG for the process where the properties required are satisfactory (by MAG welding) than one can make more profit. The present work was done to generate data for MIG & MAG process.

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Optimal Recharging Policies for Electric Vehicles

Recharging decisions for electric vehicles require many special considerations due to battery dynamics. Battery longevity is prolonged by recharging less frequently and at slower rates, and also by not charging the battery too close to its maximum capacity. In this paper, we address the problem of finding an optimal recharging policy for an electric vehicle along a given path. The path consists of a sequence of nodes, each representing a charging station, and the driver must decide where to stop and how much to recharge at each stop. We present efficient algorithms for finding an optimal policy in general instances and also for two specialized cases. In addition, we develop two heuristic procedures that we characterize analytically and explore empirically. 

Keywords: electric vehicles; optimal recharging policies; lot sizing; convex ordering cost

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